Biomechanics of bone and tissue interfaces

acsbiomaterials.1c00620.pdf

Fatigue-caused damage in trabecular bone from clinical, morphological and mechanical perspectivesBone quantity and quality are considered the main predictors of bone mechanical properties (i.e., strength and fracture resistance). These factors dea…

Determinants of bone damage: An ex-vivo study on porcine vertebraeBone’s resistance to fracture depends on several factors, such as bone mass, microarchitecture, and tissue material properties. The clinical assessment of bone strength is generally performed by Dual-X Ray Photon Absorptiometry (DXA), measuring ...

Continuum damage interactions between tension and compression in osteonal boneSkeletal diseases such as osteoporosis impose a severe socio-economic burden to ageing societies. Decreasing mechanical competence causes a rise in bo…

Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) deficiency causes age-dependent progression of female osteoporosis - BMC Musculoskeletal DisordersBackground Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a crucial transcription factor for cellular redox homeostasis. The association of Nrf2 with elderly female osteoporotic has yet to be fully described. The aim was to elucidate a potential age-dependent Nrf2 contribution to female osteoporosis in mice. Methods Eighteen female wild type (WT) and 16 Nrf2-knockout (KO) mice were sacrificed at different ages (12 weeks = young mature adult and 90 weeks = old) to analyze their femurs. The morphological properties (trabecular and cortical) were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (μCT) and compared to gold standard histochemistry analysis. The quasi-static compression tests were performed to calculate the mechanical properties of bones. Additionally, the population of bone resorbing cells and aromatase expression by osteocytes was immunohistochemically evaluated and empty osteocyte lacunae was counted in cortical bone. Results Old Nrf2-KO mice revealed a significantly reduced trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), cortical thickness, cortical area, and bone fraction compared to old WT mice, regardless of no significant difference in skeletally mature young adult mice between WT and KO. Specifically, while all old WT mice showed thin metaphyseal trabeculae, trabecular bone was completely absent in 60% of old KO mice. Additionally, old KO mice showed significantly more osteoclast-like cells and fewer aromatase-positive osteocytes than WT mice, whereas the occurrence of empty osteocyte lacunae did not differ between both groups. Nrf2-KO mice further showed an age-dependently reduced fracture resilience compared to age-matched WT mice. Conclusion Our results suggest that chronic Nrf2 loss can lead to age-dependent progression of female osteoporosis.

Mechanical properties of cortical bone and their relationships with age, gender, composition and microindentation properties in the elderlyThe growing incidence of skeletal fractures poses a significant challenge to ageing societies. Since a major part of physiological loading in the lowe…

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